The mystical relationship between the two countries was then re-established during the decolonisation process of modern Asia. Footnote 2 Unfortunately, we do not have any official record afterward over 2000 years. The India–Korea relationship, according to the oldest extant text of Samguk Yusa (三國遺事, written in the 1280s), Footnote 1 is likely to have been established in the legendary era of Indian Ayuta (or the kingdom of Ayodhya), when Princess Hwang-Ok Heo (known in India as Suriratna (or Sembavalam, 許黃玉, 32–188 AD and, supposedly, 157 years old) moved to Geumgwan Gaya (金官伽倻, or Garakguk 駕洛國, 42 AD–532 AD) in 48 AD and went on to be crowned the queen of the Korean kingdom. This paper argues that the soft diplomacy of India strategically established the foundation of a peacekeeping mission on the Korean Peninsula (1947–1955) even though the politico-historical relationship with the Soviet Union and China frequently caused serious misunderstands for South Korea. Then, how did India, the new international leader, involve the process of the post-colonial unification (1948–1950) with the major powers (the US, the Soviet Union, China and the UK)? What about the position of India during the Korean War (1950–53)? How can one interpret India’s policy on the POW repatriation issue (1953–1955)? This paper explores the non-military initiatives of the South Asian country as a ‘neutral power’ through the cases of India’s authority within the United Nations (Temporary) Commission on Korea (UN(T)COK), the 60th Parachute Field Ambulance (PFA), and Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission (NNRC) and Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission (NNSC). Meantime, India emerged in the UN for the Korean issues. The US allied with the UN, turning against North Korea and its socialist allies. The local citizens confronted the political conflict for the unified Korea. Rather, the ideological camps of communism (=socialism) and democracy (=capitalism) dominated in the region, which became the hub of the Cold War in the late 1940s and the 1950s. The independence of the Korean Peninsula from the Japanese imperialism was not smoothly implemented for a peaceful settlement. The end of World War II (1939–1545) by Germany’s (May 8) and Japan’s surrender (August 15) brought a major socio-political transformation in the colonialised nations of Asia.
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